Anja Fink, Katharina Fischler, Christian Raschner, Carolin Hildebrandt, Larissa Ledochowski and Martin Kopp
Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Citation
Fink, A., Fischler, K., Raschner, C., Hildebrandt, C., Ledochowski, L., Kopp, M. (2013). Association between parenting practices and competitive trait anxiety in female gymnasts. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 44(6), 515-530. doi:10.7352/IJSP.2013.44.515
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between parenting practices and competitive trait anxiety in artistic and rhythmic gymnasts. Questionnaires were administered to 170 Austrian female gymnasts (M age = 12 years) and assessed perceptions of parenting practices as well as levels of competitive trait anxiety. A significant influence of directive behaviour on dimensions of competitive trait anxiety was detected for the total sample. Although artistic and rhythmic gymnastics show many similarities, results reveal significant differences between these sports. Rhythmic gymnasts show considerable differences between perceived and desired parenting practices and experience more directive behaviour and pressure from their parents than artistic gymnasts. Perceived parenting practices influence the levels of competitive trait anxiety in female gymnasts and should therefore be taken into account when developing coping skills for competitive anxiety.
Keywords: Artistic gymnastics, Competitive trait anxiety, Parenting practices, Parental involvement in sport, Rhythmic gymnastics